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Constraints from continuum variability in MCG-6-30-15

The iron line in MCG-6-30-15 has been observed to change flux and profile on timescales of tex2html_wrap_inline628 (Iwasawa et al. 1996, 1999). This is the shortest timescale on which detailed line changes can currently be probed and there may indeed be line variability on shorter timescales. MS99 note that such variability is consistent with the line originating from a Compton cloud of size tex2html_wrap_inline630 .

However, in the Comptonization model, the continuum photons also pass through the same Comptonizing medium as the iron line photons. Thus, continuum variability can be used to place much tighter constraints on the size of the cloud. Any variability of the central source would be smeared out as the photons random walk through the cloud on a timescale of

equation110

Appreciable continuum variability in MCG-6-30-15 is observed on timescales down to tex2html_wrap_inline634 (Reynolds et al. 1995; Yaqoob et al. 1997). Since we must have tex2html_wrap_inline636 , an upper limit on the Compton cloud is tex2html_wrap_inline638 , two orders of magnitude less than the size assumed in MS99. Assuming a geometrically thick cloud and solar abundances, the density of the material is tex2html_wrap_inline640 .

In assessing the robustness of this constraint, it should be noted that the iron line in MCG-6-30-15 is always observed to be broad (although the width of the line does indeed vary, e.g. Iwasawa et al. 1996), and the source is always observed to vary its flux with a temporal power spectrum that extends down to 100s timescales (Lee et al. 1999b; Nowak & Chiang 1999; Reynolds 1999). Thus, it is difficult to support a model in which the Compton cloud is sometimes present (producing a broad line and a slowly varying continuum) and sometimes absent (producing a narrow line and a rapidly varying continuum).



Chris Reynolds
Tue Jan 11 17:02:51 MST 2000