template <class D>
struct StepperDopr5 : StepperBase {
	typedef D Dtype;
	VecDoub k2,k3,k4,k5,k6;
	VecDoub rcont1,rcont2,rcont3,rcont4,rcont5;
	VecDoub dydxnew;
	StepperDopr5(VecDoub_IO &yy, VecDoub_IO &dydxx, Doub &xx,
		const Doub atoll, const Doub rtoll, bool dens);
	void step(const Doub htry,D &derivs);
	void dy(const Doub h,D &derivs);
	void prepare_dense(const Doub h,D &derivs);
	Doub dense_out(const Int i, const Doub x, const Doub h);
	Doub error();
	struct Controller {
		Doub hnext,errold;
		bool reject;
		Controller();
		bool success(const Doub err, Doub &h);
	};
	Controller con;
};
template <class D>
StepperDopr5<D>::StepperDopr5(VecDoub_IO &yy,VecDoub_IO &dydxx,Doub &xx,
	const Doub atoll,const Doub rtoll,bool dens) :
	StepperBase(yy,dydxx,xx,atoll,rtoll,dens), k2(n),k3(n),k4(n),k5(n),k6(n),
	rcont1(n),rcont2(n),rcont3(n),rcont4(n),rcont5(n),dydxnew(n) {
	EPS=numeric_limits<Doub>::epsilon();
}
template <class D>
StepperDopr5<D>::Controller::Controller() : reject(false), errold(1.0e-4) {}
template <class D>
bool StepperDopr5<D>::Controller::success(const Doub err,Doub &h) {
	static const Doub beta=0.0,alpha=0.2-beta*0.75,safe=0.9,minscale=0.2,
		maxscale=10.0;
	Doub scale;
	if (err <= 1.0) {
		if (err == 0.0)
			scale=maxscale;
		else {
			scale=safe*pow(err,-alpha)*pow(errold,beta);
			if (scale<minscale) scale=minscale;
			if (scale>maxscale) scale=maxscale;
		}
		if (reject)
			hnext=h*MIN(scale,1.0);
		else
			hnext=h*scale;
		errold=MAX(err,1.0e-4);
		reject=false;
		return true;
	} else {
		scale=MAX(safe*pow(err,-alpha),minscale);
		h *= scale;
		reject=true;
		return false;
	}
}
template <class D>
Doub StepperDopr5<D>::dense_out(const Int i,const Doub x,const Doub h) {
	Doub s=(x-xold)/h;
	Doub s1=1.0-s;
	return rcont1[i]+s*(rcont2[i]+s1*(rcont3[i]+s*(rcont4[i]+s1*rcont5[i])));
}
template <class D>
void StepperDopr5<D>::dy(const Doub h,D &derivs) {
	static const Doub c2=0.2,c3=0.3,c4=0.8,c5=8.0/9.0,a21=0.2,a31=3.0/40.0,
	a32=9.0/40.0,a41=44.0/45.0,a42=-56.0/15.0,a43=32.0/9.0,a51=19372.0/6561.0,
	a52=-25360.0/2187.0,a53=64448.0/6561.0,a54=-212.0/729.0,a61=9017.0/3168.0,
	a62=-355.0/33.0,a63=46732.0/5247.0,a64=49.0/176.0,a65=-5103.0/18656.0,
	a71=35.0/384.0,a73=500.0/1113.0,a74=125.0/192.0,a75=-2187.0/6784.0,
	a76=11.0/84.0,e1=71.0/57600.0,e3=-71.0/16695.0,e4=71.0/1920.0,
	e5=-17253.0/339200.0,e6=22.0/525.0,e7=-1.0/40.0;
	VecDoub ytemp(n);
	Int i;
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		ytemp[i]=y[i]+h*a21*dydx[i];
	derivs(x+c2*h,ytemp,k2);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		ytemp[i]=y[i]+h*(a31*dydx[i]+a32*k2[i]);
	derivs(x+c3*h,ytemp,k3);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		ytemp[i]=y[i]+h*(a41*dydx[i]+a42*k2[i]+a43*k3[i]);
	derivs(x+c4*h,ytemp,k4);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		ytemp[i]=y[i]+h*(a51*dydx[i]+a52*k2[i]+a53*k3[i]+a54*k4[i]);
	derivs(x+c5*h,ytemp,k5);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		ytemp[i]=y[i]+h*(a61*dydx[i]+a62*k2[i]+a63*k3[i]+a64*k4[i]+a65*k5[i]);
	Doub xph=x+h;
	derivs(xph,ytemp,k6);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++)
		yout[i]=y[i]+h*(a71*dydx[i]+a73*k3[i]+a74*k4[i]+a75*k5[i]+a76*k6[i]);
	derivs(xph,yout,dydxnew);
	for (i=0;i<n;i++) {
		yerr[i]=h*(e1*dydx[i]+e3*k3[i]+e4*k4[i]+e5*k5[i]+e6*k6[i]+e7*dydxnew[i]);
	}
}
template <class D>
Doub StepperDopr5<D>::error() {
	Doub err=0.0,sk;
	for (Int i=0;i<n;i++) {
		sk=atol+rtol*MAX(abs(y[i]),abs(yout[i]));
		err += SQR(yerr[i]/sk);
	}
	return sqrt(err/n);
}
template <class D>
void StepperDopr5<D>::prepare_dense(const Doub h,D &derivs) {
	VecDoub ytemp(n);
	static const Doub d1=-12715105075.0/11282082432.0,
	d3=87487479700.0/32700410799.0, d4=-10690763975.0/1880347072.0,
	d5=701980252875.0/199316789632.0, d6=-1453857185.0/822651844.0,
	d7=69997945.0/29380423.0;
	for (Int i=0;i<n;i++) {
		rcont1[i]=y[i];
		Doub ydiff=yout[i]-y[i];
		rcont2[i]=ydiff;
		Doub bspl=h*dydx[i]-ydiff;
		rcont3[i]=bspl;
		rcont4[i]=ydiff-h*dydxnew[i]-bspl;
		rcont5[i]=h*(d1*dydx[i]+d3*k3[i]+d4*k4[i]+d5*k5[i]+d6*k6[i]+
			d7*dydxnew[i]);
	}
}
template <class D>
void StepperDopr5<D>::step(const Doub htry,D &derivs) {
	Doub h=htry;
	for (;;) {
		dy(h,derivs);
		Doub err=error();
		if (con.success(err,h)) break;
		if (abs(h) <= abs(x)*EPS)
			throw("stepsize underflow in StepperDopr5");
	}
	if (dense)
		prepare_dense(h,derivs);
	dydx=dydxnew;
	y=yout;
	xold=x;
	x += (hdid=h);
	hnext=con.hnext;
}